Nobody can be indifferent to Math. Are you among the Math lovers or haters? If you do not feel that this subject is your favorite, you might even have nightmares about tests or assignments with calculations. Years after you have graduated, you will still wake up at night being scared that a teacher gives you a problem and you do not know which solution is right. Math studies are abstract and you definitely need guidance if languages or social studies are more attractive to you.
So, we have drawn a conclusion that you are not a fan of Math problems to solve. Still, the present-day life makes it impossible for anybody to be totally unaware of mathematics rules. Society would not evolve so dramatically without the knowledge of this subject. It actually brought the mankind to the Moon, helped them to reveal the secrets of electricity, DNA, and computer programs. We cannot imagine our lives without IT solutions or electricity for various devices and appliances. The world without computers seems to be unreal now. Fancy that we have no math among the subjects to study. You would be not in your cozy armchair, but in the cave trying to escape the dangers of wild life.
Thus, the humanity needed smart mathematicians and still needs then to advance the overall understanding of the rules of life. The history of this subject has bright examples of brilliant mathematics projects and contributions of wise researchers in the area of math. Without them, there would be no new horizons for people. Their intuition and discoveries have made a huge contribution to the progress. No one would enjoy using a smartphone or unlimited access to the Internet without the achievements of the previous generations. We have decided to choose top ten brilliant experts in mathematics no matter which century they lived in if their contribution to the science was huge. Have a look and enjoy!
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Eratosthenes is a Greek mathematician who was the first to calculate the circumference of our planet with the help of stades. His calculations were remarkably precise, taking into consideration the period he lived in. Two of the achievements among many include calculating the distance between the Sun and the Earth as well as the Earth’s tilt on the axis. It is owing to him we know that every four years there should be a leap day.
It is impossible to imagine the number system or geometry without the studies of this outstanding researcher. He made an assumption that zero is a number. In the ancient times, people did not consider zero in math at all. His brilliant theorem for cyclic quadrilaterals still amazes the scientists.
Thales established and organized five theorems in geometry. He used the length of the shadows to figure out the height of pyramids. He also managed to specify the distance to a ship which was far at sea.
The textbook on Arithmetic, Geometry and Proportion published at the end of the fifteenth century plays a huge role in math. His translation of Euclid’s Elements into Latin was also of great use. Also, John Napier created an effective bookkeeping journal system and the first ledger. It was an innovation that caused revolution in accounting.
If we had to rate the achievements of Isaak Newton among other mathematicians, we would say that he is top 1. For sure, he is one of the greatest scientists, who made an enormous impact on a number of spheres. His achievements include building calculus and creating the first reflecting telescope. Also, his work Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica created the foundation for classical mechanics. This is the first scientist who explained three laws of motions. Who would not know about Newton's laws now? More than that, he managed to interpret the component colors in white.
The world would be a different place without Newton. For sure, some other scientists would have probably made similar discoveries, but who knows how long it would take the humanity to get to the present-day progress without this brilliant mind.
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There is hardly anybody who can follow Isaac Newton on the list of the smartest scientists of the world. Still, it is wrong not to mention Carl Gauss. Thus, on the list of scientists, Newton would take the first place, while Gauss would definitely get the title of the most outstanding mathematician ever. Born in a poor German family, he demonstrated that he is smart at math at once. His book Arithmetical Investigations provides the basis for the study of whole numbers. Do you realize what that means? His number theory is the ground for modern use of computers. Stating in brief, computers operate with the use of 0 and 1 as two basic digits. The number theory made it possible to solve a lot of problems related to the use of IT technologies. He impacted the development in the fields of geometry, algebra, optics, statistics, astronomy, and many others.
Indian statistics started with Mahalanobis. He introduced large-scale surveys and pilot surveys into statistics. He was the founder of the Indian Institute of Statistical Science. National Statistics Day on June, 29 is devoted to his achievements and contributions to statistics, one of the key branches of Mathematics.
Born only several years after the 20 th century started, John von Neumann, a Hungarian scientist, made a considerable contribution to designing architecture of computers. His work is relevant to functioning of every PC on the planet! Whatever smartphone, laptop, tablet, or computer device you are using now, it functions on the basis of a series of the steps repeated billions of times a second! It is amazing how Von Neumann could research the aspects that are now used for playing music, watching videos, and reading internet articles.
At the age of 22, von Neumann got a Ph.D. degree in mathematics. He wanted to please his father and earned an additional degree in Chemical Engineering just out of respect and love for his parents. The humanity is lucky that he chose Math, not Engineering, for further studies and development. His work at Princeton University was remarkable as he cooperated with Albert Einstein. Von Neumann managed to make a series of essential discoveries in game theory, set theory, geometry, computer science, statistics, quantum mechanics, and other fields. He is also known as a member of the Manhattan Project.
A smart British mathematician is known as the father of modern computer science. His name is associated with breaking the Nazi crypto-code in the years of World War II. He was the person who managed to understand the messages sent with the help of the Enigma machine. His talent and strenuous work made it possible for the Allies to get advantage in the war. Later on, the historians concluded that the Allies could defeat the Nazi owing to the contribution of Alan Turing.
Still, the role of Turing in stopping the domination of the Nazi in the world was not the only one he played in history. He is one of the developers of a modern computer as well. Even now computers operate with the use of a well-known Turing machine he designed. Also, the operation of AI programs can be tested with the so-called Turing test. It is an artificial intelligence test that checks on a possibility to have text chat conversations between a tool and a human.
The life and career of Turing were both tragic. Notwithstanding his achievements, he was prosecuted and found guilty for being a gay. As a result, he underwent hormone treatment and his libido was destroyed. Desperate and hopeless, Turing committed a suicide.
The top awards in the field of Computer Science have the name of Turing. So, his contributions to the present-day progress are huge. Top mathematicians get the Fields Medal. Chemists are awarded with the Nobel Prize, while the IT geniuses get the Turing Award. In 2009, there was an apology from Gordon Brown, Prime Minister of Great Britain, for unfair treatment of Turing. However, there was no official note on that.
Benoit Mandelbrot is the person who discovered fractal geometry. Modern animation and computer graphics depend on fractals. These are complicated shapes designed on the basis of simple formulas that can be self-replicable. Fractals let the IT experts get to a new era in generating images. Owing to them, we are not decades behind now! The design of computer chips and cellphone antennas is also based on fractal formulas. It is beneficial to use the natural capacity of reducing the wasted space that fractals demonstrate.
Born in Poland in 1924, Benoit Mandelbrot was forced to leave his native country. His family fled to France in 1936 not to be persecuted by the Nazi. Paris was the city where he got education to move to the United States after that. He got employed at IBM, having access to the latest technologies and cutting-edge IT solutions. So, he used his knowledge and skills of using an electrical computer in implementing various projects. The Mandelbrot set is a set of numbers Mandelbrot discovered in 1979. Arthur C. Clarke, a famous science-fiction writer, referred to his discoveries as to the most astonishing ones in the history of mathematics. In 2010, Mandelbrot died of cancer.
